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ISO 4611-2010标准简介
0.1 Various test methods are available for the exposure of plastics to different aggressive agents acting in a combined and simultaneous fashion, such as natural weathering. Other test methods are available for the purpose of a separate evaluation of the action of individual aggressive agents. Among the latter there are, for example, tests for the resistance to specific chemicals and to radiations of a definite spectral range.
For some applications, it may be desirable to evaluate the behaviour of the materials in a hot damp atmosphere just below the saturation limit of water vapour, as well as in the presence of the liquid phase.
In these conditions not only water absorption or leaching of some ingredients of the composition may be observed but also degradation phenomena due to hydrolysis, exudation of plasticizers, etc.
It may also be desirable sometimes to evaluate the behaviour of materials in the presence of a highly corrosive electrolyte, such as a sodium chloride solution (salt mist), which is the principal aggressive agent present in marine environments and of particular importance in the case of nautical applications. It is well known that sodium chloride has no noticeable action on the polymers that are the basic components of plastics, and that salt solutions, owing to their higher osmotic pressure, are normally absorbed by plastics to a lesser degree than pure water, but it cannot be assumed a priori that they have no action on composite materials, containing fillers, reinforcing components or pigments, for instance.
Furthermore, the evaluation of the effect of salt mist can be very important for finished or semi-finished articles which, while basically consisting of plastic materials, do contain some metallic elements, such as moulded-in inserts, thin laminated foils, surface coatings applied by electro-plating or other procedures, or, lastly, metal cores sheathed with plastics by extrusion or by dipping in pastes or fluidized-bed powders.